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Olympic Games

XXIV (24th) OLYMPIAD
SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA | Sep 17th - Oct 2nd, 1988


Seoul, KOR

Seoul 1988

SEOUL, SOUTH KOREA
GAMES OF THE XXIVth OLYMPIAD

September 17 - October 2, 1988

Mascot - Hodori, the baby tiger

159 countries, 8465 athletes (2186 women)

23 sports (table tennis & tennis added), 237 events (241 gold)

Opening - President Roh Tae Woo (KOR)

Torch lit by - Kim Won-Tak, Chong Son-Hi, Sohn Mi-Jong

Candidates: Nagoya

Seoul - the Johnson scandal

30 September 1981 - 84th IOC Session in Baden, West Germany - Seoul was elected to be the host of the XXIVth Olympiad in 1988 beating Nagoya 52 votes to 27.

After two big consecutive boycotts led by superpowers, the number of candidates to host the Olympics decreased and Seoul easily got the right to host the1988 Olympics. The number of countries participating in the Olympic Games rocketed in Seoul. But before the Games, there were widespread mass demonstrations in South Korea. Some flaws in the organization and excessive partiality of the referees and spectators led to protests.

The September 1981 IOC designation of Seoul as host of the Games caused a stir among several countries - notably the Soviet Union and her satellite countries, who had no diplomatic relations with the Koreans.

For the first time since Munich in 1972, there was no organized boycott of the Summer Olympics. Cuba and Ethiopia stayed away in support of North Korea (the IOC turned down the North Koreans' demand to co-host the Games in 1985, so they refused to participate), but that was about it.

The Olympic Games in Seoul saw the largest participation in Olympic history at the time. More countries (159) sent more athletes (8465) to South Korea than to any previous Olympics. There were also more security personnel (100,000) than ever before given Seoul's proximity (30 miles) to the North and the possibility of student demonstrations for reunification.

Ten days into the Games (Sept. 24), Canadian Ben Johnson beat defending champion Carl Lewis in the 100-meter dash with a world record time of 9.79s. Two days later, however, Johnson was stripped of his gold medal and sent packing by the IOC when his post-race drug test indicated anabolic steroid use. His record was cancelled, Lewis was handed the title, and in the end the scandal was immense. Johnson left Seoul in disgrace, his head bowed. Meanwhile, Lewis repeated in the long jump, but was second in the 200 and did not run the 4x100-relay. Teammate Florence Griffith Joyner claimed four medals: gold in the 100, 200 and 4x100-meter relay, and silver in the 4x400 relay. Her sister-in-law, Jackie Joyner-Kersee, won the long jump and heptathlon.

The most gold medals were won by swimmers: Kristin Otto of East Germany (6), American Matt Biondi (5) and Janet Evans (3).. Otherwise, Steffi Graf added an Olympic gold medal to her Grand Slam sweep in tennis, Greg Louganis won both men's diving events for the second straight time, and the U.S. men's basketball team had to settle for third place after losing to the gold medal-winning Soviets, 82-76, in the semifinals.

The word "amateur" was removed from the Olympic Charter during Lord Killanin's presidency. Hypocrisy remained, however, until President Samaranch abolished it completely by opening the Olympic Games to professional athletes, on the sole condition that whatever their result, they receive no money during the Games. At the XV Olympic Winter Games in Calgary, professional ice hockey players were allowed to compete. Also in 1988, at the Games of the Olympiad in Seoul, tennis - which had not been on the Olympic programme for 60 years - returned with the best players in the world taking part. Steffi Graff became an Olympic champion.

The Soviet Union topped the medals table on 132 (55 gold) against 102 medals for East Germany (37 gold) and 94 for the United States (36 gold). Seoul, signaling the official arrival of true professionals, was an overall success, despite the uncertainty of the threat posed by local and regional political conflicts.

The 1988 Seoul Olympics were even more profitable, recording a surplus of (US) $288 million, but the South Korean capital enjoyed more than just a monetary boon. The Seoul Olympics encouraged the West to explore the culture and history of South Korea instead of its chilly, often volatile relationship with its communist North Korean neighbour. The Games also opened up avenues of foreign trade and commerce to the isolated, but burgeoning, South Korean economy.

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SEOUL 1988 GOLD MEDAL WINNERS
155 Men, 72 Women, 10 Open Events
17 new Events; Table Tennis/Tennis introduced
1 Judo Event removed

ARCHERY
M\Individual: Jay Barrs, USA
M\Team: South Korea
W\Individual: Kim Soo-Nyung, South korea
W\Team: South Korea

ATHLETICS, Men
100m: Carl Lewis, USA
200m: Joe DeLoach, USA
400m: Steve Lewis, USA
800m: Paul Ereng, Kenya
1500m: Peter Rono, Kenya
5000m: John Ngugi, Kenya
10000m: Brahim Boutayeb, Morocco
4x100m: Soviet Union
4x400m: United States
110m Hurdles: Roger Kingdom, USA
400m Hurdles: Andre Phillips, USA
20km Walk: Jozef Pribilinec, Czechoslovakia
50km Walk: Vyacheslav Ivanenko, USSR
3000m Steeplechase: Julius Kariuki, Kenya
Marathon: Gelindo Bordin, Italy
Discus Throw: Jurgen Schult, East Germany
Hammer Throw: Sergey Litvinov, USSR
High Jump: Gennadiy Avdeyenko, USSR
Javelin Throw: Tapio Korjus, Finland
Long Jump: Carl Lewis, USA
Pole Vault: Sergey Bubka, USSR
Shot Put: Ulf Timmermann, East Germany
Triple Jump: Khristo Markov, Bulgaria
Decathlon: Christian Schenk, East Germany

ATHLETICS, Women
100m: Florence Griffith, USA
200m: Florence Griffity, USA
400m: Olga Bryzgina, USSR
800m: Sigrun Wodars, East Germany
1500m: Paula Ivan, Romania
3000m: Tatyana Samolenko, USSR
10000m: Olga Bondarenko, USSR
4x100m: United States
4x400m: Soviet Union
100m Hurdles: Yordanka Donkova, Bulgaria
400m Hurdles: Debbie Flintoff-King, Australia
Marathon: Rosa Mota, Portugal
Discus Throw: Martina Hellmann, East Germany
High Jump: Louise Ritter, USA
Javelin Throw: Petra Felke, East Germany
Long Jump: Jackie Joyner, USA
Shot Put: Natalya Lisovskaya, USSR
Heptathlon: Jackie Joyner, USA

BASKETBALL
Team, men: USSR
Team, women: United States

BOXING
48kg: Ismail Hjuseinov, Bulgaria
51kg: Kim Kwang-Sun, South Korea
54kg: Kennedy McKinney, USA
57kg: Giovanni Parisi, Italy
60kg: Andreas Zulow, East Germany
63.5kg: Vyacheslav Yanovski, USSR
67kg: Robert Wangila, Kenya
71kg: Park Si-Hun, South Korea
75kg: Henry Maske, East Germany
81kg: Andrew Maynard, USA
91kg: Raymond Mercer, USA
91+kg: Lennox Lewis, Canada

CANOE/KAYAK
M\C1 500m: Olaf Heukrodt, East Germany
M\C1 1000m: Ivan Klementjev, USSR
M\C2 500m: Mikolay Zjuravski/Victor Reneiski, USSR
M\C2 1000m: Mikolay Zjuravski/Victor Reneiski, USSR
M\K1 500m: Zsolt Gyulay, Hungary
M\K1 1000m: Greg Barton, USA
M\K2 500m: Ian Ferguson/John MadDonald, NZL
M\K2 1000m: Greg Barton/Norman Bellingham, USA
M\K4 1000m: Hungary
W\K1 500m: Vania Gesheva, Bulgaria
W\K2 500m: Anke Nothnagel/Birgit Fischer, GDR
W\K4 500m: East Germany

CYCLING
M\Sprint: Lutz Hesslich, East Germany
M\1km Time Trial: Alexandre Kiritchenko, USSR
M\Individual Pursuit: Gintautas Umaras, USSR
M\Team Pursuit: Lithuania
M\Points Race: Dan Frost, Denmark
M\Team 100km Time Trial: East Germany
M\Road Race: Olaf Ludwig, East Germany
W\Sprint: Erika Salumae, Estonia
W\Road Race: Monique Knol, Netherlands

EQUESTRIAN, Open
Individual Dressage: Nicole Uphoff, West GErmany
Individual Jumping: Pierre Durand, France
Individual 3-day event: Mark Todd, New Zealand
Team Dressage: West Germany
Team Jumping: West Germany
Team 3-day event: West Germany

FENCING
M\Individual Epee: Arnd Schmitt, West Germany
M\Individual Foil: Stefano Cerioni, Italy
M\Individual Sabre: Jean-Francois Lamour, France
M\Team Epee: France
M\Team Foil: Soviet Union
M\Team Sabre: Hungary
W\Individual Foil: Anja Fichtel, West Germany
W\Team Foil: West Germany

FOOTBALL
 Team, men: Soviet Union

GYMNASTICS
M\Floor Exercise: Sergei Kharkov, USSR
M\Horizontal Bar: Vladimir Artyomov, URS & Valeri Lyukin, URS
M\Parallel Bars: Vladimir Artyomov, USSR
M\Pommel Horse: Dmitri Bilozerchev, URS & Zsolt Borkai, HUN & Lyubomir Geraskov, BUL (tie)
M\Rings: Holger Behrendt, GDR & Dmitri Bilozerchev, URS (tie)
M\Vault: Lou Yun, China
M\Individual All-Around: Vladimir Artyomov, USSR
M\Team: Soviet Union
W\Balance Beam: Daniela Silivas, Romania
W\Floor Exercise: Daniela Silivas, Romania
W\Uneven bars: Daniela Silivas, Romania
W\Vault: Svetlana Boginskaya, USSR
W\Individual All-Around: Yelena Shushunova, USSR
W\Team: Soviet Union
W\Rhythmic Individual All-Around: Marina Lobach, USSR

HANDBALL
Team, men: USSR
Team, women: South Korea

HOCKEY
 Team, men: Great Britain
Team, women: Australia

JUDO, Men
60kg: Kim Jae Yup, South Korea
65kg: Lee Kyung Keun, South Korea
71kg: Marc Alexandre, France
78kg: Waldemar Legien, Poland
86kg: Peter Seisenbacher, Austria
95kg: Aurelio Miguel, Brazil
95+kg: Hitoshi Saito, Japan

MODERN PENTATHLON
Individual: Janus Martinek, Hungary
Team: Hungary

ROWING
M\Single Sculls: Thomas Lange, East Germany
M\Double Sculls: Nico Reinks/Ronald Florijn, Netherlands
M\Quadruple Sculls: Italy
M\Coxless Pair: Andrew Holmes/Steven Redgrave, GBR
M\Coxed Pair: Italy
M\Coxless Four: East Germany
M\Coxed Four: East Germany
M\Eight: West Germany
W\Single Sculls: Jutta Behrendt, East Germany
W\Double Sculls: Birgitt Peter/Martina Schroter, GDR
W\Quadruple Sculls: East Germany
W\Coxless Pair: Olga Homeghi/Rodica Puscatu, Romania
W\Coxed Four: East Germany
W\Eight: East Germany

SAILING
X\Flying Dutchman: Denmark
X\Star: Great Britain
X\Tornado: France
X\Soling: East Germany
M\470: France
M\Lechner DivII: Bruce Kendall, New Zealand
M\Finn: Jose Luis Doreste Blanco, Spain
W\470: United States

SHOOTING
M\10m Air Pistol: Tanyu Kiryakov, Bulgaria
M\10m Air Rifle: Goran Maksimovic, Yugoslavia
M\25m Rapid Fire Pistol: Afanasijs Kuzmins, USSR
M\50m Free Pistol: Sorin Babii, Romania
M\50m Running Target: Tor Heiestad, Norway
M\50m Small-Bore Rifle 3x40: Malcolm Cooper, GBR
M\50m Small-Bore Rifle prone: Miroslav Varga, Czechoslovakia
M\Skeet: Axel Wegner, East Germany
M\Trap: Dmitry Monakov, USSR
W\10m Air Pistol: Jasna Sekaric, Yugoslavia
W\10m Air Rifle: Irina Shilova, USSR
W\25m Sport Pistol: Nino Salukvadze, USSR
W\50m Small-Bore Rifle 3x20: Sylvia Sperber, West Germany

SWIMMING, Men
50m Freestyle: Matt Biondi, USA
100m Freestyle: Matt Biondi, USA
200m Freestyle: Duncan Armstrong, Australia
400m Freestyle: Uwe Dassler, East Germany
1500m Freestyle: Vladimir Salnikov, USSR
100m Backstroke: Daichi Suzuki, Japan
200m Backstroke: Igor Polyanski, USSR
100m Breaststroke: Adrian Moorhouse, Great Britain
200m Breaststroke: Jozsef Szabo, Hungary
100m Butterfly: Anthony Nesty, Suriname
200m Butterfly: Michael Gross, West Germany
200m Individual Medley: Tamas Darnyi, Hungary
400m Individual Medley: Tamas Darnyi, Hungary
4x100m Freestyle Relay: United States
4x200m Freestyle Relay: United States
4x100m Medley Relay: United States
3m Springboard: Greg Louganis, USA
10m Platform: Greg Louganis, USA
WATER POLO: Yugoslavia

SWIMMING, Women
50m Freestyle: Kristin Otto, East Germany
100m Freestyle: Kristin Otto, East Germany
200m Freestyle: Heike Friedrich, East Germany
400m Freestyle: Janet Evans, USA
800m Freestyle: Janet Evans, USA
100m Backstroke: Kristin Otto, East Germany
200m Backstroke: Krisztina Egerszegi, Hungary
100m Breaststroke: Tania Dangalakova, Bulgaria
200m Breaststroke: Silke Horner, East Germany
100m Butterfly: Kristin Otto, East Germany
200m Butterfly: Kathleen Nord, East Germany
200m Individual Medley: Daniela Hunger, East Germany
400m Individual Medley: Janet Evans, USA
4x100m Freestyle Relay: East Germany
4x100m Medley Relay: East Germany
3m Springboard: Gao Min, China
10m Platform: Xu Yanmei, China
SYNC Solo: Carolyn Waldo, Canada
SYNC Duet: Michelle Cameron/Carolyn Waldo, Canada

TABLE TENNIS (NEW)
M/Singles: Yoo Nam-Kyu, South Korea
M/Doubles: Chen Longcan/Wei Qingguang, CHN
W/Singles: Chen Jing, China
W/Doubles: Hyun Jung-Hwa/Yang Young-Ja, KOR

TENNIS (NEW)
M/Singles: Miloslav Mecir, Czechoslovakia
M/Doubles: Ken Flach & Robert Seguso, USA
W/Singles: Steffi Graf, West Germany
W/Doubles: Pam Shriver & Zina Garrison, USA

VOLLEYBALL
 Team, men: United States
Team, women: USSR

WEIGHTLIFTING
52kg: Sevdalin Marinov, Bulgaria
56kg: Oksen Mirzoyan, USSR
60kg: Naim Suleymanoglu, Turkey
67.5kg: Joachim Kunz, East Germany
75kg: Borislav Gidikov, Bulgaria
82.5kg: Israil Arsamakov, USSR
90kg: Anatoli Khrapaty, USSR
100kg: Pavel Kuznetzov, USSR
110kg: Juri Zacharevich, USSR
110+kg: Alexander Kurlovich, USSR

WRESTLING, FREESTYLE
48kg: Takashi Kobayashi, Japan
52kg: Mitsuru Sato, Japan
57kg: Sergej Beloglasov, USSR
62kg: John Smith, USA
68kg: Arsen Fadzayev, USSR
74kg: Kenneth Dale Monday, USA
82kg: Han Myung-Woo, South Korea
90kg: Macharbek Chadarzew, USSR
100kg: Vasile Puscasu, Romania
130kg: David Gobedischwili, USSR

WRESTLING, GRECO-ROMAN
48kg: Vincenzo Maenza, Italy
52kg: Jon Ronningen, Norway
57kg: Andras Sike, Hungary
62kg: Komandar Madshidow, USSR
68kg: Lewon Dshulfalakjan, USSR
74kg: Kim Young-Nam, South Korea
82kg: Michail Mamiashvili, USSR
90kg: Atanas Komtshev, Bulgaria
100kg: Andrzej Wronski, Poland
130kg: Alexander Karelin, USSR

23 Sports, 237 events

U
R
S

G
D
R

U
S
A

K
O
R

F
R
G

H
U
N

B
U
L

R
O
M

F
R
A

I
T
A

C
H
N

G
B
R

K
E
N

  

Archery

    

1

3

                  

4

Athletics (AUS, FIN, MAR, POR, TCH)

10

6

13

      

2

1

  

1

    

4

42

Basketball

1

  

1

                    

2

Boxing (CAN, KEN)

1

2

3

2

    

1

    

1

      

12

Canoe/Kayak (NZL)

3

3

2

    

2

1

            

12

Cycling (DEN, NED)

4

3

                      

9

Equestrian (NZL)

        

4

      

1

        

6

Fencing

1

      

3

1

    

2

1

      

8

Football

1

                        

1

Gymnastics

12

1

      

1

1

3

    

1

    

19*

Handball

1

    

1

                  

2

Hockey (AUS)

                      

1

  

2

Judo (AUT, BRA, JPN, POL)

      

2

        

1

        

7

Modern Pentathlon

          

2

              

2

Rowing (NED)

  

8

    

1

    

1

  

2

  

1

  

14

Sailing (DEN, ESP, NZL)

  

1

1

          

2

    

1

  

8

Shooting (NOR, TCH, YUG x2)

4

1

    

1

  

1

1

      

1

  

13

Swimming (Diving, Sync. Swimming & Water Polo) (AUS, CAN x2, JPN, SUR, YUG)

2

11

10

  

1

4

1

      

2

1

  

38

Table Tennis

      

2

            

2

    

4

Tennis (TCH)

    

2

  

1

                

4

Volleyball

1

  

1

                    

2

Weightlifting (TUR)

6

1

        

2

            

10

Wrestling (JPN x2, NOR, POL)

8

  

2

2

  

1

1

1

  

1

      

20

TOTAL

55

37

36

12

11

11

10

7

6

6

5

5

4

241

* 2 gold medals awarded in Gymnastics (M) Horizontal Bar, Rings
* 3 gold medals awarded in Gymnastics (M) Pommel Horse

SEOUL 1988 MEDAL TALLY

Country

G

S

B

TTL

USSR

55

31

46

132

East Germany

37

35

30

102

United States

36

31

27

94

South Korea

12

10

11

33

West Germany

11

14

15

40

Hungary

11

6

6

23

Bulgaria

10

12

13

35

Romania

7

11

6

24

France

6

4

6

16

Italy

6

4

4

14

China

5

11

12

28

Great Britain

5

10

9

24

Kenya

5

2

2

9

Japan

4

3

7

14

Australia

3

6

5

14

Yugoslavia

3

4

5

12

Czechoslovakia

3

3

2

8

New Zealand

3

2

8

13

Canada

3

2

5

10

Poland

2

5

9

16

Norway

2

3

0

5

Netherlands

2

2

5

9

Denmark

2

1

1

4

Brazil

1

2

3

6

Finland

1

1

2

4

Spain

1

1

2

4

Turkey

1

1

0

2

Morocco

1

0

2

3

Austria

1

0

0

1

Portugal

1

0

0

1

Surinam

1

0

0

1

Sweden

0

4

7

11

Switzerland

0

2

2

4

Jamaica

0

2

0

2

Argentina

0

1

1

2

CHI, CRC, AHO, INA, IRI, PER, SEN, IVB

0

1

0

8

Belgium

0

0

2

2

Mexico

0

0

2

2

COL, DJI, GRE, MON, PAK, PHI, THA

0

0

1

7

Total

241

234

264

739

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